Given the concern about Soviet oil in World War II, why is so little mention made of captured Soviet coal reserves?
Upvote:-1
The Germans were not capable of using those captured coal mines:
Russian tracks are wider than European tracks. The Russians destroyed as much as possible of the tracks and locomotives as possible when they withdrew.
The Germans couldn't use USSR railroads, because there weren't any left. Building their own tracks was possible, but to a limited extent due to material and personal shortages. They were required on the front.
Don't forget, the German army had enough winter clothing, but wasn't capable of getting them on time to the front. Their logistics were already a nightmare. Adding large shipments of coal simply wasn't going to work.
Before Operation Barbarossa, plans were already active to exterminate the population. The Einzatzgruppen simply extended their activities from Poland to any occupied territory in the east.
There was a severe shortage of coalminers in Germany and the western occupied territories. Belgian miners, for example, went on strike for higher food rations. (Not sure if it was this strike.)
German coalminers couldn't be spared, as they were either mining in Germany or send to the front as soldiers.
Upvote:9
Germany didn't need more coal. They had plenty available in the Ruhr and Silesia, and a reasonably adequate ability to mine it. Depriving the USSR of access to coal was somewhat useful, but nothing like as useful as depriving the Soviets of Caucasian oil, and getting that oil for themselves.
Trying to work the captured coal mines would have required Germans to supervise Ukrainian miners, much more closely than normal mine supervision to keep the rate of "accidents" under control. Coal that reached the surface would have to be transported back to Germany, in quantities of millions of tons, and the Germans were always short of transport capacity in the East. Working the captured mines during the war was clearly not cost-effective and was not attempted.
They didn't have the transport capacity to move Caucasian oil to Germany in meaningful quantities either, but they don't ever seem to have faced up to that. General Georg Thomas who was Head of the Defence Economy and Armament Office in the OKW resigned in November 1942, after a prolonged struggle for economic realism.
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