Can I work remotely from the US on a B1/B2 visa if I'm employed by a foreign branch of an American corporation through a foreign HR agency?

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First, if you have a B-1/B-2 visa, you will be admitted either in B-1 status or B-2 status. As a B-2 visitor "for pleasure," your ability to engage in professional activities will be somewhat less than as a B-1 visitor "for business."

Generally speaking, you can't work remotely from the US in B-1 or B-2 status regardless of who your employer is, though you will have a hard time finding a clear statement of precisely what is permitted and what is prohibited. The distinction between remote work and activities that are permissible for a business visitor is not entirely clear.

On top of that, there is clearly some level of incidental professional activity that is permissible for a pleasure visitor. Nobody expects you to stop all communication with your employer the moment you cross the border. But if someone whose primary duty is, for example, writing user support e-mail messages spends 40 hours a week doing that during their vacation and somehow ends up in court, it's going to be difficult to argue that this was incidental.

"Somehow ends up in court" points to another aspect of this situation: nobody is likely to know. The most likely potential barrier to this plan is not the US government but your employer, who may recognize that they too risk violating US law by paying you to work while they know you are in the US. Why is this? Under US tax law, income that you earn while you are in the US is US-source earned income. It is subject to federal income tax as well as payroll taxes, including social security and Medicare, of which half is paid by the employer. There may also be state taxes due. There is a de minimis exception, but you still have to look into whether the amount of work you're doing falls under this exception or not.

You don't say why you're going to the US, but assuming you're going for vacation, my advice would be to to make a proper vacation of it. Take time off. Reschedule your meetings.

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