Was it ever illegal for two people of different religions to marry in the UK?

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Yes, indeed! During the Penal Law period of the 18th Century, there were laws in Northern Ireland designed to "protect Protestants against the pollution of Popery" (Akenson, 111)

You might find this history of marriage in the west interesting. Marriage started as a pact between families, and was a purely secular matter following the Roman patriarchal tradition, which usually did not consider the wishes of the bride. The rise of the Christian church in the medieval Europe brought with it the idea that marriage should be between willing partners. In the 16th Century, Martin Luther pushed marriage out of the church again. The Restoration brought it back into the church... because of this ping-ponging and existing religious diversity, I think it would have been unusual to have interfaith laws elsewhere in the UK.

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Well, there is the Act of Settlement, which takes anyone who is Catholic, or married to one, out of the line of succession. It doesn't prohibit it outright though.

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From 1290 to roughly 1655 it was probably illegal to marry someone who was Jewish. But that's only because it was illegal to be Jewish. That is a special case answer to the question, mostly because I was looking for an example that didn't involve Roman Catholics.

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