Did people from the cities of Uruk, Ur and Sumer have knowledge/recollection of how old their cities were (say, recollection after 2000 BCE)?

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They thought they were much older than they could have been. The very beginning of the Sumerian King List has the very first king of the very first royal city in Sumer reigning for nearly 30,000 years:

After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridu.
In Eridu, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28,800 years.
Alalgar ruled for 36,000 years.
Two kings; they ruled for 64800 years.

This is of course, as we know, impossible. 64,800 was likely chosen for any sort of reason other than historical.

That said, you must be misremembering information about "accurately knowledge." There might be some memories that had been passed down along the ages, but no records existed before ~3300 BCE, because writing was only invented around that time. Eridu was around at least a whole millennium before writing even existed, so there wouldn't be any records of its foundation.

So without records and oral tradition, I would say no, the Sumerians didn't know how old their cities were.

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