When did the Hindu-Muslim split start in India?

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I don't want to discount the corrosive influence of British colonialism. But you could point to the reign of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb as ratcheting up tensions between Hindus and Muslims, particularly his reimposition of the jizya tax on non-Muslims. The jizya tax was one of the reasons for the Jat rebellion. All of this was well before British colonialism, so it would partially refute your hypothesis.

There's a tendency to attribute all of the present-day communal conflict in India as a consequence of colonialism. The British exacerbated these conflicts intentionally where it was convenient, and that was true in all of their colonial holdings -- not just India. But these conflicts nonetheless pre-dated colonialism.

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