Hebrew 1:10 means according to the Catholic?

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Your question touches on a question that perplexed the Church.

See https://www.ligonier.org/blog/does-jesus-have-two-natures-or-one/

A brief quote:

In the year 451, the church convened the great Council of Chalcedon, one of the most important ecumenical councils of all time. It was called to combat several heresies, the most significant of which was the Monophysite heresy. The term monophysite has a prefix and a root. The prefix, mono, means “one,” and the root, phusis, is translated as “nature.” So monophusis or monophysite simply means “one nature.”

All churches that accept the finding of the Council of Chalcedon, including most protestant denominations, the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, therefore believe that Jesus has two natures in one person: divine and human.

With this understanding, the answer to your question is that the divine nature of Jesus did not age, because it is ageless. However, the human nature of Jesus did begin at birth, then age, then die on the cross, then rise from the dead. The contradiction is resolved if you accept that there is a vastness to God that earlier ideas of His existence and nature could not grapple with.

However, there is a danger in viewing this relationship between the human nature and the divine nature of Christ in a materialistic way. This touches on another question, regarding the question of whether God is simple or complex. God is simple, and cannot be broken into smaller pieces, like bodies broken into cells, cells into molecules, molecules into atoms, atoms into protons and electrons, and protons into quarks, gluons, mesons and strings.

See https://www.placefortruth.org/blog/classic-theism-god-simple-or-complex for an exploration of this question.

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