Does the Catholic Church verify whether candidates to the priesthood are really men?
score:2
The 1983 Code says:
Can. 1024 A baptized male alone receives sacred ordination validly.
The 1917 Code elaborates:
Canon 968 §1. Only a baptized male validly received sacred ordination; for liceity, however, he should be outstanding in the qualities according to the norm of the sacred canons, in the judgment of the proper Ordinary, and not detained by any irregularity or other impediment.
Thus, it is up to the Ordinary (e.g., bishop) to make the judgment of whether the ordinand is male, etc.
Upvote:1
If a candidate lacks the qualities needed for liceity, the ordination is valid but illicit. If it lacks the qualities for validity it is held to be invalid, viz. no actual ordination occurs. The Ordinary's judgement is irrelevant in this case, as God is the judge of validity (and hence manliness, as only a man validly receives Ordination) and no man's judgement is substitute.
cf. 1024 re: requirements for Ordination
cf. Canon 126 re: invalidity in ignorance
cf. Can. 124 §1(ibid) re: general requirements for validity
cf. Wikipedia for an introduction to the topic of validity in the Catholic sense
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